Clascical Music free essay sample

Anyway to other people, traditional USIA is a melodic style that separates this kind of music from present day music styles, for example, rock and RB-However, old style music is a term used to portray the sort of music created by famous authors, for example, Mozart, Haydn, Beethoven, and writers that performed music before the twentieth century. Traditional music is separated from other music styles due to its extent, lucidity, and equalization. The period of the old style music was overwhelmed by symphonic instruments, for example, trumpets, woodwinds, and violins.The clarinet was likewise an instrument that was utilized by old style writers. Despite the fact that the clarinet was created toward the beginning of the eighteenth century, Haydn and Mozart promoted the instrument through their music. Anton Stalled was a specialist in playing the clarinet and his nearby working relationship with Mozart assisted with advocating the instrument. In a few of his independent melodic pieces, Mozart favored utilizing the clarinet. The clarinet was additionally an Instrument that was utilized by old style writers. Despite the fact that the clarinet was created toward the beginning of the eighteenth century, Haydn and Mozart promoted the instrument through their music. Anton Stalled was a specialist in playing the clarinet and his nearby working relationship with Mozart assisted with promoting the Instrument. In a few of his independent melodic creations, Mozart favored utilizing the clarinet. The piano was likewise presented during the time of the old style music in Western Europe.In the time of the old style music, Mozart and Beethoven were among the most skilled writers; the two acquainted new improvements with music. For instance, Mozart was eminent for his inventive use of Instruments, for example, the clarinet and piano. In a portion of his USIA, for instance the seventeen piano concertos, Mozart took a stab at joining the ensemble and piano. Therefore, the criticalness of piano concertos in music was raised by Mozart. Additionally, Mozart utilized the harpsichord In his melodic structures. During his lifetime, Mozart formed ensembles, shows, and church music.Mozart is likewise credited for having advanced drama through his foundation of the standards of sonata and orchestra. During his reality, Mozart is acclaimed for having formed more than 600 works. To a few people, the enchantment woodwind and the marriage of Figaro speak to a portion of his most prominent arrangements. Mozart Inspired different writers of the old style time frame, for example, Beethoven. In his structures, Beethoven utilized the violin and the piano. His dad had shown him how to play these instruments. In the course of his life, Beethoven created 9 symphonies.In these ensembles, Beethoven utilized an assortment of Instruments such piccolos, trombones, focuses, and horns. In his last ensemble, he presented a theme and soloist. This was another innovation in old style music as Mozart and Hayden had not done it previously. His structures were likewise long, for instance, the exhibition of the last ensemble Is an hour long. There are a few attributes of old style music. Tunes Inherent in old style music are anything but difficult to recollect and tuneful. So also, the tunes in traditional music are even and balanced.The balance 1 OFF expressions of equivalent length. Traditional music is additionally described by adaptability in mood. A few of the old style pieces included an assortment of musical examples. So also, traditional sytheses were portrayed by the expanded utilization of instrumental music. The trio, fugue, rondo, minuet, and sonata structures were the predominant cadenced structures innate in old style creations. Old style arrangements had homophobic surfaces described by a single melodic line. The single melodic line was trailed by less melodic or non-melodic lines.The Alberta bass was the most favored backup example to the lone line. Congruity in old style music was less confounded. Head groups of three, for example, development, predominant, and tonic harmonies were utilized to accomplish amicability in old style sytheses. Additionally, diatonic congruity in old style creations was prevailing contrasted with chromatic agreement. Tuning in to old style music particularly that created by Mozart gives me an inclining of unwinding due to the ideal amicability of the instruments utilized in his structures. Today, numerous individuals are not well familiar with old style music. A few understudies incline toward tuning in to contemporary kinds of music, for example, R. In contrast to traditional arrangements, R tunes are short. For instance, while the normal length of a R melody is five minutes, an old style sythesis can keep going for 60 minutes. Likewise, the majority of the beats in R tunes are produced using the PC. Thusly, there are some R craftsmen who can't play any instrument. In old style music, the authors were specialists in playing an assortment of instruments. R is dominatingly vocal. In R music, there is the craftsman and a book containing the importance of the tune. This clarifies why music beats feeling in R-?the crowd is compelled to focus on the content with an end goal to get the importance of the melody. Correspondingly, the crowd has brief period to tune in to the creation. The extended length of traditional organizations inspired emotions from the crowd. This prompted an ideal harmony among feeling and music in old style structures.

Organizational Philosophies and Technology paper Essay

Authoritative Philosophies and Technology paper - Essay Example Be that as it may, with the later innovative improvements just as decreased exchange barricades, development in exchange is unquestionably on the ascent. Creating regions have additionally stepped on this temporary fad, removing the best out of their own particular economies through exchange universally just as locally - inside the nation. The mix of exchange into the world economy has truly demonstrated accommodating for the creating nations as they can advance financial development, improvement just as neediness decrease inside themselves. Organizations which are prepared to utilize innovation are therefore the ones who have discovered accomplishment in every important quarter of their business. With this mechanical consolidation, they have had the option to take a gander at the moral side of things also since the ethical grounds have been set in a legitimate way and there are as such no anxieties to express the least in the current occasions. A business can move from a place of so lidness to one of a total unsteady position as it secures various methods for social occasion the market and its driving elements that join it. The firm needs to change its situation with the changing occasions else it will truly evaporate away from its rivals and all the more so the clients, for which it really exists. It must realize mechanical developments in order to meet the moral rules and best practices which are equipped to make it sound, look and in the end feel not the same as the remainder of the part and over the long haul, have a selling suggestion in it and in its items that help it in winning the clients on numerous occasions. The work culture can be created in a way which suits the interests of the association in the most ideal structure. For this to occur, it is important to comprehend that innovation has a huge task to carry out in the related condition. We should comprehend that we live in a worldwide existence where innovation has recently been instrumental at drastically changing the manner in which we see the occasions

Controlling Extraneous Variables in Research Coursework - 2

Controlling Extraneous Variables in Research - Coursework Example They do it dependent on the discerning investigation and past event. Subsequent to detecting the incidental factors, they can be controlled through getting a handle on a variable consistent. Another method of controlling the unessential factors is through structure a steady domain and framework to guarantee that all factors are equivalent in each condition. Analysts have additionally set out on irregular assignments where a gathering of specialists partakes in a similar research. In arbitrary research, various specialists or gatherings are appointed to play out the assignment where a numerical hypothesis is applied to lead the exploration. Â In the article, a theoretical build has been recognized as an unessential variable, it isn't seen legitimately. Be that as it may, there are measurements that have been framed to help learn theoretical develops in a progressively efficient manner. Specialists utilize various methods to deliver the issues identified with the superfluous factors, for example, normalization that is generally utilized in study investigation. Scientists additionally guarantee those incidental factors are saved the equivalent for all the examination parts. It additionally requires the scientists to know about the superfluous variable particularly all through the structure stage and have the option to control it. Adjusting the variable over the examination organizes likewise decrease the odds for the impact of the exploration by an unessential variable. The adjusting empowers correlation between the examination gatherings and stages.

The Change in Perspective of Kambili and Jaja - Literature Essay Samples

Kambili and Jaja live in a strict, quiet household where everything revolves around their father, Eugene Achike’s, intense religious beliefs and the family’s need to constantly impress him. However, when they visit their Aunty Ifeoma’s house and get to know their cousins Amaka, Obiora and Chima, the lively, unsuppressed atmosphere in the Nsukka house and their cousin’s freedom, changes the perspectives of Kambili and Jaja. Obiora is years younger than Jaja, however, after the passing of his father, he stepped up to be the man in the household by undergoing initiation into the Igbo culture. He is independent, self assertive and is protective over his mother. When Jaja finds out Obiora has undergone this initiation, he is ashamed of how much older Obiora seems to be than himself, as he had not been able to participate in the initiation, due to his father’s disapproval of the Igbo practices which he deemed to be uncivilised. This has a profound affect on Jaja as he starts to blossom into a young man. Kambili even notices that his shoulders are broadening and he has chest hair, all symbolising his transformation into a man. Obiora encourages Jaja to open his eyes and challenge his allegiances, to both his religion and his father, and to make his own decisions rather than blindly follow what is set out by his father. Amaka also has an effect on the way Jaja sees religion as together they both make a stand against certain religious practices. Amaka refuses to be confirmed as she does not want to have to choose and English name and Jaja does not go up to receive communion. As a result of her influences, Jaja starts to reject and stray away from religion and rebel against his father’s beliefs and traditions. Obiora and Chima get told by Aunty Ifeoma that â€Å"being defiant can be good sometimes. Defiance is like marijuana it is not a bad thing when it is used right.† (Adichie 144). Kambili then notices that â€Å"her conversation was with Chima and Obiora, but she was looking at Jaja† (Adichie 144). This conversation with his cousins and aunt planted the seed of rebellion into Jaja, and it was here were he first started to think about rebelling against his father’s tyranny. He realised that defying his father might be what is best in this situation. Amaka had the biggest impact in the growth of Kambili and changing her perceptions. For Kambili, Amaka was a role model after which she could see what life for a normal teenager was like. Amaka was allowed to question authority and speak freely and easily, whereas Kambili was afraid to speak up. Amaka’s question to Aunty Ifeoma â€Å"are you sure they’re not abnormal† (Adichie 141) is overheard by Kambili and makes Kambili aware of the fact that the way in which Kambili and Jaja live and the silent atmosphere in their household is very different to the way their cousins live and act. Kambili notices how easily Amaka can speak and converse with friends and Kambili wonders whether she and Jaja really are abnormal. When Aunty Ifeoma commands Kambili to speak back to Amaka when she criticizes her, Kambili finally responds â€Å"you dont have to shout, Amaka† (Adichie 170) which was her first time standing up for herself. After this, Amaka respects Kambili and shows her how to make the Orah leaves, instead of judging her for not knowing how. Amaka’s words â€Å"so you can be this loud† (Adichie 170) shows Kambili is starting to find her voice. Kambili no longer felt so uncomfortable in Amaka’s presence and their friendship only grew from there. Their friendship was the first time that Kambili saw what it was like to converse normally with other girls her age, instead of always having to run away from her classmates at school in order to please her father and she became more comfortable in her skin. When Chima does not understand what has been said, Aunty Ifeoma explains, however she uses words which Kambili believes Chima would still not understand. However, Kambili realizes that Aunty Ifeoma does this in order to push and better her children. Kambili realizes that when she and Jaja push themselves, it is because they are too scared to not be good enough for the standard which their father expects of them. Adichie, the author of Purple Hibiscus, uses the cousins to effect change in Kambili and Jaja. This is effective because the way Kambili and Jaja have been raised is in a very conservative, serious manner where they have strict rules set by their father which they have to obey. They are both very quiet and obedient, which is the complete opposite to how their cousins are raised in Aunty Ifeoma’s house. They are loud, expressive and have lots of freedom. When Kambili and Jaja come to visit them in Nsukka, they teach Kambili and Jaja how to liven up and not be so serious as Kambili and Jaja become accustomed to their newly found freedom. It is very effective as we can easily compare the two sets of siblings in the beginning and it points out just how boring and controlled Kambili and Jaja’s lives are. It also makes it easier to see how Kambili and Jaja grow and change as we can track their progress and see how they become more and more like their cousins. It is clear to see that through various encounters and conversations with their cousins and from merely living with them during their visits, the cousins had an effect on Kambili and Jaja’s perceptions on life and had an impact on their growth and change as people.

Spectacular Life Of Benjamin Franklin - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2679 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/06/14 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Benjamin Franklin Essay Did you like this example? Ever since Benjamin Franklin was young he had worked hard for what he wanted to achieve. He knew he could achieve it as well, and believed in himself. From a young age he knew he was very successful at writing more than other subjects like arithmetic which he had failed in. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Spectacular Life Of Benjamin Franklin" essay for you Create order I personally was the opposite, better at arithmetic and worse in writing. As he worked in Boston, New York, and Philadelphia, we see how hard he works to get far in life and to stick to what he wants. But at one time in his life he was unsure of what he wanted, but he was young. But as his father made him work with his brother in his printing-house he became familiar with it and stuck to it. The printing-house is actually where he found his love of writing when his brother started a newspaper. He took over it eventually when his brother was put in jail. After his brother got out him and his brother got into another argument, which lead to Benjamin quitting. Which may seem like he is no longer dedicated but soon after he looked for another printing house to work at instead of his brothers. After having no luck at finding a job he moves to New York City to find a job and secretly moves out. No matter what obstacles come his way, he overcomes them and works tirelessly than others. Even though he does not find a job in New York he does hear of an opportunity to get a job working for a paper in Philadelphia. As I was reading his this part of the book, I actually thought about his dedication to the work that he had been doing since he was twelve. He stays true to himself and does not change for any circumstance. On Benjaminrs way to Philadelphia he had saved a dutchmans life. He stayed positive throughout his trip, despite being dropped off near Burlington. After reaching Philadelphia he discovers that Bradford cant give him a job, he still keeps his head up and finds a job working for a man named Keimer. Still working at the printing-house he moves in with man whose daughter he will eventually marry, even though he never writes her when he leaves America. After some time in Philadelphia he gets a letter from his brother in law asking him to return to Boston, but Benjamin said that he would not be returning any time soon. This is showing how he is dedicated now more than ever to his work. His letter is eventually shown to the governor of Pennsylvania, William Keith. He loves how Benjamin writes and wants to help him set up a new printing-house, he will receive help from the government to build it, but he also has to ask his father for money, which means returning to Boston. Even though he did not want to interrupt his work to return to Boston he had to now. Eventually his father denies helping him because of his age. He does promise him that he will help when Benjamin turns twenty-one. Before heading back to Philadelphia, he stops in Rhode Island to visit his brother, during the trip there he almost gets involved with two women who are actually thieves. He is beginning to not be that dedicated to his work. He is starting to fall for easy tricks. Benjamin finds Collins, finds out that he has been drinking, which he cannot get a job because of, and he loans Collins some money, but never sees him again. As he falls for one of the two tricks, he isnt thinking clearly, in the first situation if the woman nearby hadnt told him that they were no good and not to be trusted, he too would have endured the same fate as the two women did. But with loaning his brother the money, there had been nobody around to tell him otherwise. When he returns to Philadelphia Keith, now knowing that Benjaminrs father will not help financially, will pay for it. Even though Benjamin decides to leave America to see and meet people in stationery industries. Still before he leaves he makes friends with three men; Charles Osborne, Joseph Watson, and James Ralph, who all love to read. And together they all share their poetry together. Before he leaves Keith promises to write him a letter so that he can work at the printer shops, but as Benjamin arrives, he realizes that Keith had not fulfilled his promise, and that he tends to do that a lot. Despite that he finds a job at a famous printing shop and works there for the next year. As he is living in London, he fulfills what he had promised, he stays true to himself and who he is. Throughout his childhood, and early adulthood he had been dedicated to the printing shops and writing, especially when he worked under his brother and shared poetry with those three men from America. While printing things in the printing shop, he comes across a pamphlet called A Dissertation on Liberty and Necessity, Pleasure and Pain which says how the author, a famous surgeon in London wants to meet him and introduce him to others. Earlier in the book, Benjamin almost falls for two women, who turn out to be not who they seem, and after Ralph moves to the countryside with his girlfriend, she worries about him. Then she goes to him to ask for advice, but Benjamin thinks hers flirting with her and tries to follow through with what he think shes trying to do, but immediately she stopped him and told Ralph which ended their friendship. After about a year he moved back to Philadelphia again. When he returns, Keith has lost his job and offers Benjamin a position as manager, but he declines to work for Denham, he works there until Denham dies, then takes the manager position. After this he becomes entirely focused on work only during his time as a manager, but then quits when Keimer wants to cut his salary. This seems like he isnt following his promise anymore only because of him quitting but after this he decided to take over the printing-house and begin a newspaper. But then he moves to New Jersey for a partnership with Keimer. He once again redeems himself when he moves back to Philadelphia to actually work on the printing-house. This is when he adopts the ideals of truth, sincerity, and integrity. Part Two In Benjaminrs life he has made many faults and successes, but not everyone can live without committing any faults. Especially Benjamin. Part two begins between the letters of Benjamin questioning if he should continue his book and his friend telling him it would be a mistake if he did not. He continued the book, looking forward to publishing it to show that Americans are full of virtue and dedication. . But he stopped writing for years mainly because of the French Revolution. His library was a great success as well The library helped others get into reading more and made reading more popular. He also says how he did not help with the library as much fearing judgement from others, because of his constant success. I think that wasnt the best idea, he could have gone further with his career if he had openly helped the library and maybe even brought more attention and work to the library. When the library was just beginning he was starting a family with a woman from Philadelphia. He saved lots of money to be able to provide for his family right. He now wants to make himself the best version of himself and is obsessed with perfection. Earlier in the book he says both that vanity is bad yet everyone has it, and multiple times he mentions how others vanity is terrible and still he acknowledges his own vanity and how it was controlled until now. But he does want to develop new virtues, thirteen to be exact. He is also keeping track of every fault and success. He finds many of his faults, and tries to correct them. He actually cannot get all of the virtues except for order but is fine with his failure of not getting that one down. He is fine with having faults and decides that a man should live with faults. Not everyone, including Benjamin can live without faults or mistakes. No one can be perfect and everyone must live with at least one fault. A persons success and how well they are remembered for does not mean that they havent made a mistake or any faults in their lives. After a while Benjamins friends start to call him arrogant. He could not get rid of his vanity and arrogance no matter how hard he tries. Since the book started he has made many faults, had vanity, and admitted to his faults. It isnt really possible to live without committing any faults seeing how Benjamin tried not to and yet he had realized how many faults he had actually made by recording them down. It seems when he tries to actually not commit faults he commits more than intended.When he had done this his friends found him to be more arrogant than usual. After he tries to learn and accomplish the thirteen virtues he becomes sort of obsessed with doing this and the same for whatever he is doing at the time. He couldnt do one of them, the last one which is when his friends call him arrogant. If Benjamin Franklin wants to live without committing any faults it might be possible if he accomplished the last one, order. Part Three During Benjamin Franklinrs life he came to terms with a promise of, truth, sincerity, and integrity. Throughout his life he follows his values of hard work,dedication, and ingenuity. While he is back in America he decides to create a new political party which he thinks that everyone will love. The beliefs of the party are war and revolutions. Which not everyone likes and want to follow. This party is only open to the wise people, not everyone can join. He takes principles from every major religion around at the time. Also everyone who joins will have to (like Benjamin did in part two) practice and accomplish the thirteen virtues. Over time the party and ideas had been abandoned. His dedication is not that strong to this as he is with other things in his life. Soon he starts Poor Richards Almanac which leads him to make another version for his newspaper in Pennsylvania. He tries to keep abuse and arguments out of the public newspaper. As he grows older he starts to put his thoughts into political issues. He fights for womens education. He also goes on to learn four languages. He gives support to a church but takes it back when he finds out the preacher is lying and copying others. After his son dies at a young age, he finally makes amends with his brother James after years. His brother also helps him in the printing-house.After this he becomes one of the top people in the mail business. As time goes on Benjamin becomes more successful he goes on to invent the stove and does not put a patent on it for a while to let it get more popular. He also makes plans for a hospital with his friend, Thomas. During this time he publishes a book called Plain Truth which says how we need a military defense for the colonies. He wants to do so by raising money from the people around, so he organizes a meeting and discusses Plain Truth. After this he creates a bill which will, if approved, provide light and pave the city. He creates a light source for the streets and is soon awarded honoraries from two very popular colleges. When war breaks out in the colonies and Europe, Benjamin comes up with a plan that he thinks will work to defend the colonies from the war and starts to plan out a government for the colonies. With this plan the English government is beginning to worry about the colonies and that they might lose them. After some time the American colonies begin to question why they are still with England. After Benjaminrs military career fails, he takes some time to work on his scientific career. He begins to create and go through some scientific experiments. During this time he comes up with a hypothesis that lighting and electricity can be the same thing. He soon publishes his paper and then finally does the kite experiment. After this he receives a very popular and rare award. Soon because of his scientific achievements he is asked to join an Assembly. Due to his hard work and dedication Benjamin is getting far in life and it has caused him to become very successful. Which over time he has worked very carefully and hard to get to where he is now and will work even harder as he goes along in his life. Part Four Part Four opens with Benjamin Franklin asking about making Americars own laws, to which he very aggressively denied. Apparently each law goes through excessive stages to decide if it actually will reach the king to get approved. He tries to approve to them that America should be able to make their own laws, and not the king. He thinks he will not be able to change the kings mind as well. Twenty years earlier a similar bill that had been passed this time, went through and almost gave the colonies laws, but during this time almost the same bill had been passed. When they all meet to discuss this, they all cannot agree on one point. Eventually they stop working with Benjamin after and say he is very rude. Which lead to him thinking that he has written too formally.They all begin to tax the colonies heavily, which is what Benjamin Franklin and many others did not want. Some people didnt like this so they tried to persuade the king to keep the act along with its taxes. Both parties argue keeping it and getting rid of it. Benjamins side wants to keep it while the opposing side wants to get rid of it. Eventually this law gets passed and everyone is taxed fairly. After this his he stops writing his autobiography. During the time that Benjamin had been writing his autobiography he had mostly been dedicated to his work. At some points of his life, when he was mostly younger, Benjamin had stopped being dedicated and done some things without thought or reason. But throughout this chapter of the book he had been dedicated to the cause and things he wanted to make a reality. In this part he did not stop when people said he was too rude, he thought that he was just working too hard and writing in a very formal tone. His hard work to get the act and bill approved by the king had succeeded and his hard work had turned into success and it had all become a reality. Benjamin is trying to prove that with all the hard work you do the further you will get in your career and life which leading to more success. He fully embodies this promise to America and shows them how your work affects how everything turns out. Some things came to him easily and were given to him like how the printing-house began and how he had been given the newspaper to write for when his brother was imprisoned. In my opinion Benjamin Franklin has lived up to his potential and worked harder than everyone to get where he was and to earn all his success, and the whole time he had stayed true to himself. From a young age when he wanted something he worked hard to achieve it and never doubted himself.

Understanding the Levels of Organizational Behavior

The QUESTION : Identify and describe an incident within your group (no more than 300 words in this section) and then critically analyse this incident using models or theories from two levels of organisational behaviour (the individual level, the group or the organisation level) to show the understandings you have gained from this group experience and draw conclusions with recommendations for how you would manage this in the future or how you would recommend others to manage or work with this occurrence in the future. Introduction The essay centers around a piece of group work that occurred this semester at University. The group had to prepare a presentation as a second assessment on Self-efficacy theory for the subject of People in organization. All the group members were international students mainly from China and Saudi Arabia. The way that I performed and took control over this group study reflected my use of emotional intelligence as well as the aspect of group cohesiveness and their consequent avoidance of conflict. This essay is an elaboration on this point as well as on how I can improve my efficacy in the future The first body paragraph should describe one issue of the group the group in 300 words. Task: From the beginning the group faced a number of problems. The first problem was the language barrier which laid its shadow on the ability to search and gather the needed information. In addition, large number of the group had a part time job. More importantly, aShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Behavior : An Organization1054 Words   |  5 Pagestask of organizational structure is to encourage people to work hard and coordinate their effort to ensure a high level of organizational performance. 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Overcrowding and Indigenous Health †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Overcrowding and Indigenous Health. Answer: Introduction Development, and industrialization, in particular, have contributed significantly to health, including by facilitating personal and social development, and by significantly improving health and education services, transport and communications. There is no doubt that globally people live longer and healthier lives than centuries or even decades ago. However, industrialization also has negative effects on the health, not only of the labor force but also of the general population. These effects are attributable either directly to the existence of safety problems and harmful agents (Booth Caroll, 2016). This article describes the impacts of poor housing and overcrowding health risks, environmental health, risk characterization and management strategies in inner apartments of Melbourne city. Poor housing and overcrowding health risks can be biological, chemical, physical, biomechanical or psychosocial. Environmental health risks include classical hazards created by poor hygiene and housing conditions, as well as agricultural and industrial pollution of air, water, food and soils. These risks are accompanied by multiple health impacts, ranging from directly related disasters (such as the 1991 cholera epidemic in Latin America and the many chemical poisoning cases in Bhopal, India) to (Such as in Minamata, Japan), or subtle, indirect, or even contested effects (e.g. Love Canal, USA) (Booth Caroll, 2016). The assessment was carried out in the inner-city apartments of the city of Melbourne, and it was realized that there are some factors that affect risks to health and their management plans established that can effectively solve these problems. For a large number of people living in the inner apartments of Melbourne city coupled with poor hygiene, there has been experienced an increase in transmission of highly epidemic diseases such as cholera, typhoid, meningitis and acute respiratory infections. The rates of outbreaks of these infections are higher in a crowded area of residence as compared to the area which has a lower population. Water pollution is common in areas with poor living standards. The often poor and reckless methods of disposing of industrial waste - negligent discharge into watercourses, or open dumps, which often pollute water and soil - are a serious threat to environmental health. As a result of this water bodies and resources have become contaminated by microorganisms e.g. Salmonella typhi which has resulted in infectious disease such as typhoid. Water may also be contaminated by toxins and poisonous chemicals that can be fatal to both human and animal health. Due to overcrowding and the high number of people that consume the contaminated water the rate of spread of these infections have increased (Gifford, 2012). Air pollution, especially in industrialized areas of the city, is also very common. Gasses emitted from factories and even dusty environments created by the existence of a high number of people have to lead to an increase in respiratory disease in these residential areas. Such common infections include pulmonary diseases such as asthma. A dense population will also effect public health facilities available as the number of patients are high and therefore increased ease by which germs can spread in healthcare environments. In emergency situations, the number of nosocomial infections is typically high. Decreasing overcrowding through the provision of enough healthcare facilities and ensuring proper organization of the Management services should, therefore, be a top priority (Booth Caroll, 2016). People in overcrowded areas are more susceptible to fire risk because of stuffy living conditions. Once a fire outbreak has occurred it is very difficult to stop it because belongings are piled next to each other that can easily catch fire. Since these people are poor, their houses are also made up of cheap materials that are susceptible to fire. Purchase and access to fire extinguishers are also a major barrier to fire safety (Gifford, 2012). People living in poor living standards have a poor eating habit something that can negatively affect their health. This because they are not able to obtain decent foods. Another factor could be that most of them do not care about their bodies and hence no need to be keen on whatever they eat. Eating food with low nutritional status might lead to malnutrition especially in children. Some of this population eat a lot of fatty food resulting in obesity. Hazard and exposure assessment Here were are going to determine whether the issues identified above have the ability to pose a risk to the health of an individual or a population. Pollutants and their derivatives can have harmful effects by altering, through their interaction, molecules essential to the biochemical or physiological processes of the human body. Three factors affect the degree of toxicity of these substances: their chemical and physical properties, the dose of pollutants that reaches key tissue areas, and the response of these tissues to the pollutant. Health effects of air pollutants may also vary among demographic groups; Young people and the elderly, in particular, are often sensitive to their deleterious effects (Krieger Higgins, 2002). People with asthma or other respiratory or cardiac conditions may experience aggravation of their symptoms if they are exposed. Water pollution is a major health concern for people in densely populated areas and poor living conditions. This is because polluted water can be a medium by which many infectious organisms spread to the general population. The main short-term health risks associated with water are infectious. They come from the presence of micro-organisms (bacteria, viruses, parasites). The effects are usually mild (digestive disorders, mycoses) but may prove more important (hepatitis, leptospirosis, typhoid, cholera, legionellosis). (Krieger Higgins, 2002). For long-term risks, the symptoms depend on the dose and duration of exposure. Developed diseases often have a chemical origin: lead poisoning, arsenic, mercury, chromium, nitrate, hydrocarbons that are present in water. With water contamination, the general population may be hardly hit by the health risks but children under the age of five years are likely to suffer more because of their low immunity hence can develop infectious symptoms faster than the adults. Infectious diseases are a single common cause of children morbidity and mortality these days (Booth Caroll, 2016). Fire and accidents The occurrence of fire in a living setup has the most painful experience of all dangers. Uncontrolled fire outbreaks can kill many people. It also can cause several severities of injuries in individuals. Fire victims often over-bleed leading to loss of large amounts of body fluids and if emergency treatments are not given the patient may lose his or her life. A fire victim may also lose part of his or her body becoming disabled, increasing dependence on an already poor population (Lucas, 2016) .Accident mainly results from poor infrastructure and designing and building of the living units where quite often they fall injuring a large number of people. The injured patients suffer a lot of pain and emotional stress. Most people also lose their lives through these accidents. The spread of infectious diseases is facilitated by a population in a dense area. When people are crowded, it means the relative distance between there is also reduced hence contagious diseases such tuberculosis are easily spread. In densely populated areas if an individual is suffering from tuberculosis the infection can spread very fast since it spread by air. (Krieger Higgins, 2002). Eating food with low nutritional status deny the body of important molecules for its normal functioning hence one is prone to fall sick. Eating high fatty foods lead to obesity which predisposes one to several diseases such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus. This, therefore, is a pathway in which diseases enter into one's systems. Some health risk factors are directly related to the provision of health services by the relevant authorities, and the impacts of neglect of these duties have been summarized in the table below (Gifford, 2012). Problems related to the provision of health services Risk for the health Garbage not collected Presence of pathogens in waste, vectors of diseases (mainly flies and rats) that reproduce or feed in garbage, fire hazards, pollution of waterways Insufficient quantity or quality of water Diarrhea, trachoma, infectious dermatoses, lice infections, other infections caused by the consumption of unwashed foods Lack of sanitary facilities Infections of the digestive and oral pathways (diarrhea, cholera, typhoid fever), intestinal parasites, filariasis Absence of sewer Accidents (floods, landslides, house collapses), infections of the digestive and oral tracts, schistosomiasis, diseases transmitted by mosquitoes (malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever), filariasis at Wuchereria bancrofti Workers whose immediate or extended work environment is not adequately provided with such services are exposed to many occupational hazards. Those who work to provide services or to maintain urban infrastructures, such as garbage collectors and sweepers, are all the more exposed. Also, insufficient health services to all people living in the crowded regions may make an individual miss an opportunity to be medically be attended to thereby leading to exacerbation of their diseases. This can lead to long term suffering to these patients (Gifford, 2012). Risk characterization is used to give health risk incidence in a given population under study. The mostly affected group by infectious diseases in these settlements are children under the age of five considering they have lower immunity as compared to those of adults. Although it is evidenced that the general population is also commonly affected, the percentages are high in these children. Immune compromised patients such as those living with HIV/AIDS also have higher chances of getting infections form the microorganisms. This is because the ability of their bodies to fight off infections are reduced, and hence they can be easily attacked by the pathogens and cause infections. (Krieger Higgins, 2002). Fire and accident incidences Incidences of fire are not very common as there can be three fire evidence in half a year but when this occur many people lose their lives, stuff and a lot of suffering are experienced. Fire incidences have however been related to smoking as it was revealed during the assessment that the main cause of these fires was from smokers. Accidents experienced as a result of the poor housing and building plans were surprisingly many. Sometimes a house would fall with people inside causing the death of many. This is because of poor building plans and overcrowding in a building especially the story buildings beyond its capacity. (Lucas, 2016). This is most common among those of lower socioeconomic classes who cannot afford pure water for cooking and drinking. They are therefore forced to use the cheaper option of the water that is freely available which in many cases is contaminated with infectious pathogens. The virulent pathogens are only common in these populations who suffer from various diseases (Booth Caroll, 2016). This is mainly common among those who work in the industries and those who live near industries that emit their wastes into the environment. The impacts of air pollution are also directly associated with the period that one has been in the area of pollution. It was realized that people who had stayed for more than five years in the area or have worked in the industries for more than three years had a high exposure to the damaging effects of the pollutants. The nutritional imbalance has the greatest effect on young children. This is because young children require food nutrients to strengthen their immune systems. The absence of these important molecules in their food will lower their immune systems predisposing them to several infections and diseases. (Krieger Higgins, 2002). Risk management plan The following recommendations are put forth to help in solving the health-related risks in the dense and poor living conditions in Melbourne city. The local government should formulate policies to ensure that landlords adhere to building rules put in place to enhance the safety of the tenants. Factors to be considered when putting up a building should include; The prevention of domestic problems includes the adoption of measures at different stages of the provision of housing: Location (safe and disease-free) i.e. should be away from unhygienic areas to prevent the spread of pathogenic infections. Housing design (spaces with sufficient dimensions and climate protection, use of non-perishable building materials, adequate protection of equipment) - adequate protection and use of non-perishable materials in the building will prevent it from catching fire easily. Construction (prevention of construction defects); ensure unscrupulous contractors are dealt with according to the law. Maintenance (satisfactory inspections and controls of the equipment, etc.) inspections are important in helping to identifying fault equipment e.g. fire extinguishers and replaced (Lucas, 2016). The local government should put up an effective sewerage system to prevent contaminating water meant for human and animal consumption. The construction of disposal sites (containment) for hazardous products is relatively expensive. Each site should be carefully selected to prevent pollution of surface water and major aquifers (groundwater). Each site must be designed and constructed with impermeable barriers to prevent contamination of soil and groundwater. These barriers usually consist of a thick plastic wrap which is placed on a layer of compressed clay. In reality, a barrier is used to delay breaks and slow infiltrations that always occur but are acceptable insofar as they do not cause accumulation and do not seriously pollute groundwater. The spatial distribution of the population, land use restrictions, transportation costs and ecological concerns of society are all pressures to find a solution to the economically viable disposal of hazardous wastes. As a result, there is increasing interest in methods such as source reduction, recycling, chemical neutralization and the development of safe disposal facilities for hazardous wastes. The first two solutions are aimed at reducing the amount of waste produced. Chemical neutralization reduces the toxicity of the waste and can transform it into more easily manipulated solids. As much as possible, it is better to carry out this operation at the place where the waste is produced to limit the volume of waste to be moved. For residual waste, well-designed facilities are required, using the best techniques for processing and packaging chemicals (Booth Caroll, 2016). The government can partner with other stakeholders and build more health facilities to the people. The presence of a well-equipped health facility that is accessible to all is a big step forward in trying to solve the issues of health risks. Public health should be promoted considering different aspects e.g. though hand washing after visiting a toilet can help in reducing the chances of the outbreak of several infectious diseases. The government should provide clean water to these citizens and decongestion done by putting up better housing units. Better housing leads to better health care, and a healthy nation will have enough human resources to steer its growth and development (Lucas, 2016). Conclusion To give a summary of the assessment it has been determined that several factors impart health risks in populations of people living in a crowded, poor conditions in the inner-city apartments of Melbourne city. The factors include increased the risk of infections among others. The government has been seen to have a big role to play in ensuring these health risk factors are put in control. This they can do by partnering with other stakeholders and controlling how building are put up in these areas to ensure its citizens are secure. The government should, therefore, put long-term goals to enable achievement of better housing and healthcare for all socio-economic status not-with-standing. References Bansal, R. K., Saxena, D. M. (2002, April). Overcrowding and health. 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